# Jugador País Equipo Goles (de penalti)
1. Jonathan Okoronkwo Nigeria Nigeria Arsenal Tula Arsenal Tula 15 (4)
2. Ivan Timoshenko Rusia Rusia Rodina Moskva Rodina Moskva 13 (3)
3. Islam Mashukov Rusia Rusia Alania Vladikavkaz Alania Vladikavkaz 12 (1)
4. Aleksandr Lomakin Rusia Rusia Enisey Krasnoyarsk Enisey Krasnoyarsk 10 (0)
Aleksandr Rudenko Rusia Rusia FK Khimki FK Khimki 10 (1)
6. Igor Andreev Rusia Rusia Rodina Moskva Rodina Moskva
Shinnik Yaroslavl Shinnik Yaroslavl 		9 (1)
7. Serder Serderov Rusia Rusia FK Dinamo Makhachkala FK Dinamo Makhachkala 8 (0)
8. Anton Antonov Rusia Rusia Chernomorets Novorossisk Chernomorets Novorossisk 7 (3)
Abu-Said Eldarushev Rusia Rusia Akron Tolyatti Akron Tolyatti 7 (1)
Astemir Gordyushenko Rusia Rusia Rodina Moskva Rodina Moskva 7 (0)
Khetag Khosonov Rusia Rusia FK Khimki FK Khimki 7 (2)
Andrey Okladnikov Rusia Rusia Enisey Krasnoyarsk Enisey Krasnoyarsk 7 (0)
Dmitry Samoylov Rusia Rusia Shinnik Yaroslavl Shinnik Yaroslavl 7 (2)
14. Nikolay Giorgobiani Rusia Rusia Alania Vladikavkaz Alania Vladikavkaz 6 (3)
Amur Kalmykov Rusia Rusia Rodina Moskva Rodina Moskva 6 (1)
Oleg Kozhemyakin Rusia Rusia SKA-Khabarovsk SKA-Khabarovsk 6 (0)
Vyacheslav Krotov Rusia Rusia Alania Vladikavkaz Alania Vladikavkaz
Volgar Astrakhan Volgar Astrakhan 		6 (0)
Dmitriy Lesnikov Rusia Rusia Volgar Astrakhan Volgar Astrakhan 6 (1)
Andrés Ponce Venezuela Venezuela Akron Tolyatti Akron Tolyatti 6 (0)
20. Vasiliy Aleynikov Rusia Rusia Shinnik Yaroslavl Shinnik Yaroslavl
SKA-Khabarovsk SKA-Khabarovsk 		5 (1)
Said Aliev Rusia Rusia SKA-Khabarovsk SKA-Khabarovsk 5 (2)
Batraz Gurtsiev Rusia Rusia Alania Vladikavkaz Alania Vladikavkaz 5 (2)
Anton Kilin Rusia Rusia Akron Tolyatti Akron Tolyatti 5 (0)
Ravil Netfullin Rusia Rusia FK Khimki FK Khimki 5 (0)
Maksim Petrov Rusia Rusia FK Neftekhimik FK Neftekhimik 5 (0)
Ilya Porokhov Rusia Rusia FK Tyumen FK Tyumen 5 (2)
Maksim Savelyev Rusia Rusia Enisey Krasnoyarsk Enisey Krasnoyarsk 5 (0)
Vitaliy Shitov Rusia Rusia FK Tyumen FK Tyumen 5 (0)
Ilya Stefanovich Rusia Rusia Torpedo Moskva Torpedo Moskva 5 (1)
30. Vladlen Babaev Rusia Rusia Sokol Saratov Sokol Saratov 4 (0)
Egas Cacintura Angola Angola FK Dinamo Makhachkala FK Dinamo Makhachkala 4 (0)
Ishkhan Geloyan Armenia Armenia Arsenal Tula Arsenal Tula 4 (0)
Nikita Glushkov Rusia Rusia Akron Tolyatti Akron Tolyatti
Enisey Krasnoyarsk Enisey Krasnoyarsk 		4 (0)
Ilya Gruznov Rusia Rusia FK Neftekhimik FK Neftekhimik
Kuban Krasnodar Kuban Krasnodar 		4 (0)
Timur Kasimov Rusia Rusia FK Khimki FK Khimki 4 (0)
Pavel Kotov Rusia Rusia FK Neftekhimik FK Neftekhimik 4 (2)
Ruslan Kul Rusia Rusia FK Kamaz FK Kamaz
Rodina Moskva Rodina Moskva 		4 (1)
Garrik Levin Rusia Rusia Kuban Krasnodar Kuban Krasnodar 4 (0)
Razhab Magomedov Rusia Rusia FK Dinamo Makhachkala FK Dinamo Makhachkala 4 (0)
Vladislav Morozov Rusia Rusia Sokol Saratov Sokol Saratov 4 (0)
Kirill Nikitin Rusia Rusia SKA-Khabarovsk SKA-Khabarovsk 4 (0)
Vladislav Rudenko Rusia Rusia Chernomorets Novorossisk Chernomorets Novorossisk 4 (0)
Shamil Saaduev Rusia Rusia Chernomorets Novorossisk Chernomorets Novorossisk
Enisey Krasnoyarsk Enisey Krasnoyarsk 		4 (0)
Eduard Sukhanov Rusia Rusia FK Leningradets FK Leningradets 4 (3)
Denis Tikhonov Rusia Rusia Enisey Krasnoyarsk Enisey Krasnoyarsk
Rodina Moskva Rodina Moskva 		4 (0)
Maksim Turishchev Rusia Rusia Rodina Moskva Rodina Moskva 4 (0)
47. Nuri Abdokov Rusia Rusia Kuban Krasnodar Kuban Krasnodar 3 (1)
Maksim Bachinskiy Rusia Rusia FK Leningradets FK Leningradets 3 (0)
Ruslan Baytukov Rusia Rusia FK Tyumen FK Tyumen 3 (0)
Kirill Danilin Rusia Rusia Akron Tolyatti Akron Tolyatti 3 (0)
Danila Emelyanov Rusia Rusia FK Neftekhimik FK Neftekhimik 3 (0)
Danila Ezhkov Rusia Rusia Kuban Krasnodar Kuban Krasnodar
Sokol Saratov Sokol Saratov 		3 (1)
Aleksandr Gagloev Rusia Rusia FK Kamaz FK Kamaz 3 (2)
Taras Gagloev Rusia Rusia Alania Vladikavkaz Alania Vladikavkaz 3 (0)
Artur Gilyazetdinov Rusia Rusia Volgar Astrakhan Volgar Astrakhan 3 (0)
Nikita Glushkov Rusia Rusia FK Dinamo Makhachkala FK Dinamo Makhachkala 3 (0)
Igor Gorbunov Rusia Rusia Torpedo Moskva Torpedo Moskva 3 (0)
Aleksandr Ivankov Rusia Rusia Torpedo Moskva Torpedo Moskva 3 (0)
Egor Ivanov Rusia Rusia Enisey Krasnoyarsk Enisey Krasnoyarsk 3 (1)
Aleksandr Kleshenko Rusia Rusia Rodina Moskva Rodina Moskva 3 (0)
Arshak Koryan Armenia Armenia FK Khimki FK Khimki 3 (0)
Artem Kotik Rusia Rusia FK Neftekhimik FK Neftekhimik 3 (0)
Butta Magomedov Rusia Rusia FK Khimki FK Khimki 3 (0)
Roman Manuylov Rusia Rusia FK Kamaz FK Kamaz 3 (0)
Ivan Markelov Rusia Rusia FK Tyumen FK Tyumen 3 (1)
Matvey Pershin Rusia Rusia FK Neftekhimik FK Neftekhimik 3 (0)
Ilya Petrov Rusia Rusia SKA-Khabarovsk SKA-Khabarovsk 3 (2)
Yordy Reyna Perú Perú Torpedo Moskva Torpedo Moskva 3 (1)
Ilya Rubtsov Rusia Rusia Shinnik Yaroslavl Shinnik Yaroslavl 3 (0)
Konstantin Savichev Rusia Rusia Akron Tolyatti Akron Tolyatti 3 (1)
Vitaliy Stezhko Rusia Rusia Enisey Krasnoyarsk Enisey Krasnoyarsk 3 (0)
Damir Talikin Rusia Rusia FK Kamaz FK Kamaz 3 (0)
Evgeniy Tatarinov Rusia Rusia FK Tyumen FK Tyumen 3 (1)
Sergey Tkachev Rusia Rusia Arsenal Tula Arsenal Tula
Rodina Moskva Rodina Moskva 		3 (0)
Timur Zhamaletdinov Rusia Rusia Volgar Astrakhan Volgar Astrakhan 3 (0)
76. Saminu Abdullahi Nigeria Nigeria FK Dinamo Makhachkala FK Dinamo Makhachkala
FK Khimki FK Khimki 		2 (0)
Mutalip Alibekov Rusia Rusia FK Dinamo Makhachkala FK Dinamo Makhachkala 2 (0)
Vladimir Azarov Rusia Rusia Akron Tolyatti Akron Tolyatti
Sokol Saratov Sokol Saratov 		2 (0)
Konstantin Bazelyuk Rusia Rusia FK Neftekhimik FK Neftekhimik 2 (1)
Aleksandr Bem Rusia Rusia FK Tyumen FK Tyumen 2 (0)
Ilya Berkovskiy Rusia Rusia FK Khimki FK Khimki 2 (0)
Kirill Bolshakov Rusia Rusia Arsenal Tula Arsenal Tula 2 (0)
Erving Botaka-Yoboma Rusia Rusia Arsenal Tula Arsenal Tula 2 (0)
Ivan Chudin Rusia Rusia Akron Tolyatti Akron Tolyatti 2 (0)
Sultan Dzhamilov Rusia Rusia FK Neftekhimik FK Neftekhimik 2 (0)
Boris Fartuna Rusia Rusia FK Kamaz FK Kamaz 2 (0)
Vladislav Galkin Rusia Rusia Akron Tolyatti Akron Tolyatti 2 (0)
Georgiy Gongadze Rusia Rusia Torpedo Moskva Torpedo Moskva 2 (0)
Albek Gongapshev Rusia Rusia SKA-Khabarovsk SKA-Khabarovsk 2 (0)
Pavel Gorelov Rusia Rusia FK Kamaz FK Kamaz 2 (0)
Aleksandr Kanaplin Rusia Rusia Enisey Krasnoyarsk Enisey Krasnoyarsk 2 (0)
David Karaev Rusia Rusia Alania Vladikavkaz Alania Vladikavkaz 2 (0)
Vladimir Khozin Rusia Rusia Enisey Krasnoyarsk Enisey Krasnoyarsk 2 (0)
Danil Klenkin Rusia Rusia Volgar Astrakhan Volgar Astrakhan 2 (1)
Dmitri Korobov Rusia Rusia Chernomorets Novorossisk Chernomorets Novorossisk 2 (1)
Aleksandr Korotaev Rusia Rusia FK Tyumen FK Tyumen 2 (0)
Kirill Kosarev Rusia Rusia Volgar Astrakhan Volgar Astrakhan 2 (0)
Vladislav Levin Rusia Rusia Arsenal Tula Arsenal Tula 2 (0)
Danil Lipovoy Rusia Rusia FK Neftekhimik FK Neftekhimik 2 (0)
Anatoliy Makarov Bielorrusia Bielorrusia Arsenal Tula Arsenal Tula 2 (0)
Ivan Maklakov Rusia Rusia Chernomorets Novorossisk Chernomorets Novorossisk 2 (0)
Artem Maksimenko Rusia Rusia Sokol Saratov Sokol Saratov 2 (0)
Mikhail Maltsev Rusia Rusia Sokol Saratov Sokol Saratov 2 (0)
Aleksandr Maslovskiy Rusia Rusia Enisey Krasnoyarsk Enisey Krasnoyarsk 2 (0)
Andrey Mazurin Rusia Rusia Enisey Krasnoyarsk Enisey Krasnoyarsk 2 (0)
Artem Molodtsov Rusia Rusia Sokol Saratov Sokol Saratov 2 (0)
Ilya Moseychuk Rusia Rusia Kuban Krasnodar Kuban Krasnodar 2 (0)
Vladimir Moskvichev Rusia Rusia Torpedo Moskva Torpedo Moskva 2 (0)
Andrey Nikitin Rusia Rusia SKA-Khabarovsk SKA-Khabarovsk 2 (0)
Maksim Palienko Rusia Rusia Akron Tolyatti Akron Tolyatti 2 (1)
Valentin Paltsev Rusia Rusia FK Kamaz FK Kamaz 2 (0)
Nikita Rozmanov Rusia Rusia FK Leningradets FK Leningradets 2 (0)
Vladislav Samko Rusia Rusia Rodina Moskva Rodina Moskva
Sokol Saratov Sokol Saratov 		2 (0)
Artem Samsonov Rusia Rusia Shinnik Yaroslavl Shinnik Yaroslavl 2 (0)
Artem Simonyan Armenia Armenia SKA-Khabarovsk SKA-Khabarovsk 2 (0)
Dimitriy Starodub Rusia Rusia FK Kamaz FK Kamaz
SKA-Khabarovsk SKA-Khabarovsk 		2 (0)
Artemiy Ukomskiy Rusia Rusia FK Kamaz FK Kamaz 2 (0)
Merabi Uridia Georgia Georgia Chernomorets Novorossisk Chernomorets Novorossisk 2 (0)
Sergey Varatynov Rusia Rusia FK Khimki FK Khimki 2 (0)
Andrei Yakovlev Rusia Rusia FK Leningradets FK Leningradets 2 (0)
Vladislav Yakovlev Rusia Rusia FK Khimki FK Khimki 2 (0)
Zalimkhan Yusupov Rusia Rusia FK Dinamo Makhachkala FK Dinamo Makhachkala 2 (1)
Roman Yuzepchuk Bielorrusia Bielorrusia FK Khimki FK Khimki
Torpedo Moskva Torpedo Moskva 		2 (0)
Vitaliy Zhironkin Rusia Rusia FK Leningradets FK Leningradets 2 (0)
Yuriy Zhuravlev Rusia Rusia FK Khimki FK Khimki
Torpedo Moskva Torpedo Moskva 		2 (0)
126. Magomed Abakarov Rusia Rusia Chernomorets Novorossisk Chernomorets Novorossisk 1 (0)
Nemanja Anđelković Serbia Serbia Akron Tolyatti Akron Tolyatti 1 (0)
Soltmurad Bakaev Rusia Rusia Rodina Moskva Rodina Moskva 1 (0)
Dmitriy Barkov Rusia Rusia Arsenal Tula Arsenal Tula 1 (0)
Ruslan Bart Rusia Rusia Akron Tolyatti Akron Tolyatti 1 (0)
Yuriy Bavin Rusia Rusia SKA-Khabarovsk SKA-Khabarovsk 1 (0)
Azat Bayryev Rusia Rusia Kuban Krasnodar Kuban Krasnodar 1 (0)
Marat Bokoev Rusia Rusia Akron Tolyatti Akron Tolyatti 1 (0)
Evgeniy Bolotov Rusia Rusia FK Tyumen FK Tyumen 1 (0)
Grigoriy Borisenko Rusia Rusia FK Kamaz FK Kamaz 1 (0)
Yuriy Budagyan Rusia Rusia Chernomorets Novorossisk Chernomorets Novorossisk 1 (0)
Allon Butaev Rusia Rusia Alania Vladikavkaz Alania Vladikavkaz 1 (0)
Ruslan Chervyakov Ucrania Ucrania Torpedo Moskva Torpedo Moskva 1 (0)
Andrea Chukanov Rusia Rusia FK Tyumen FK Tyumen 1 (0)
Valeriu Ciupercă Rusia Rusia Kuban Krasnodar Kuban Krasnodar 1 (0)
Egor Danilkin Rusia Rusia Akron Tolyatti Akron Tolyatti 1 (0)
Ruslan Daurov Rusia Rusia Alania Vladikavkaz Alania Vladikavkaz 1 (0)
Roman Denisov Rusia Rusia FK Neftekhimik FK Neftekhimik 1 (0)
Andrey Evdokimov Rusia Rusia Sokol Saratov Sokol Saratov 1 (0)
Germán Ferreyra Argentina Argentina Enisey Krasnoyarsk Enisey Krasnoyarsk 1 (0)
Denis Fomin Kazajistán Kazajistán Chernomorets Novorossisk Chernomorets Novorossisk 1 (0)
Vagiz Galiulin Uzbekistán Uzbekistán FK Neftekhimik FK Neftekhimik 1 (0)
Artur Galoyan Rusia Rusia Akron Tolyatti Akron Tolyatti 1 (0)
Mikhail Gorelishvili Rusia Rusia FK Leningradets FK Leningradets 1 (0)
Oleg Isaenko Rusia Rusia FK Khimki FK Khimki 1 (0)
Soslan Kagermazov Rusia Rusia FK Dinamo Makhachkala FK Dinamo Makhachkala 1 (0)
Nikita Kalugin Rusia Rusia FK Leningradets FK Leningradets
Torpedo Moskva Torpedo Moskva 		1 (0)
Olivier Kenfack Camerún Camerún Kuban Krasnodar Kuban Krasnodar 1 (0)
Anzor Khabibov Rusia Rusia Arsenal Tula Arsenal Tula 1 (0)
Batraz Khadartsev Rusia Rusia Alania Vladikavkaz Alania Vladikavkaz 1 (1)
David Khubaev Rusia Rusia Akron Tolyatti Akron Tolyatti 1 (0)
Valerii Kiçin Kirguistán Kirguistán Enisey Krasnoyarsk Enisey Krasnoyarsk 1 (0)
Anton Kobyalko Rusia Rusia FK Tyumen FK Tyumen 1 (0)
David Kokoev Rusia Rusia FK Neftekhimik FK Neftekhimik 1 (0)
Kirill Kolesnichenko Rusia Rusia FK Leningradets FK Leningradets
Rodina Moskva Rodina Moskva 		1 (1)
Daniil Kornyushin Rusia Rusia SKA-Khabarovsk SKA-Khabarovsk 1 (0)
Aleksandr Korotkov Rusia Rusia Arsenal Tula Arsenal Tula 1 (0)
Mikhail Kostyukov Rusia Rusia FK Dinamo Makhachkala FK Dinamo Makhachkala 1 (0)
Nikita Kotin Rusia Rusia Shinnik Yaroslavl Shinnik Yaroslavl 1 (0)
Vladimir Kovačević Serbia Serbia FK Dinamo Makhachkala FK Dinamo Makhachkala 1 (0)
Nikita Kozlovskiy Rusia Rusia Sokol Saratov Sokol Saratov 1 (0)
Mitja Križan Eslovenia Eslovenia Rodina Moskva Rodina Moskva 1 (0)
Maksim Kutovoy Rusia Rusia SKA-Khabarovsk SKA-Khabarovsk 1 (0)
Daniil Kuznetsov Rusia Rusia Rodina Moskva Rodina Moskva 1 (0)
Maksim Lauk Rusia Rusia FK Kamaz FK Kamaz
Kuban Krasnodar Kuban Krasnodar 		1 (0)
Igor Lebedenko Rusia Rusia Torpedo Moskva Torpedo Moskva 1 (0)
Zikrula Magomedov Rusia Rusia Chernomorets Novorossisk Chernomorets Novorossisk 1 (0)
Artem Malakhov Rusia Rusia Shinnik Yaroslavl Shinnik Yaroslavl 1 (0)
Nikita Malyarov Rusia Rusia Volgar Astrakhan Volgar Astrakhan 1 (0)
Irakliy Manelov Rusia Rusia Torpedo Moskva Torpedo Moskva 1 (0)
Mikhail Markin Rusia Rusia FK Leningradets FK Leningradets 1 (1)
Nikolay Markov Rusia Rusia Enisey Krasnoyarsk Enisey Krasnoyarsk 1 (0)
Nikita Melnikov Rusia Rusia Chernomorets Novorossisk Chernomorets Novorossisk 1 (0)
Vladislav Mikushin Rusia Rusia FK Leningradets FK Leningradets
Torpedo Moskva Torpedo Moskva 		1 (0)
Kirill Morozov Rusia Rusia FK Neftekhimik FK Neftekhimik 1 (0)
Magomed Musalov Rusia Rusia SKA-Khabarovsk SKA-Khabarovsk 1 (0)
Islamzhan Nasyrov Rusia Rusia FK Tyumen FK Tyumen
Rodina Moskva Rodina Moskva 		1 (1)
Anton Orlov Rusia Rusia Enisey Krasnoyarsk Enisey Krasnoyarsk 1 (0)
Evgeniy Osipov Rusia Rusia Kuban Krasnodar Kuban Krasnodar 1 (0)
Kirill Panchenko Rusia Rusia FK Khimki FK Khimki 1 (0)
Nikita Pechenkin Rusia Rusia FK Tyumen FK Tyumen 1 (0)
Evgeniy Pesegov Rusia Rusia Akron Tolyatti Akron Tolyatti 1 (0)
Maksim Polyakov Rusia Rusia Shinnik Yaroslavl Shinnik Yaroslavl 1 (0)
Anton Polyutkin Rusia Rusia FK Kamaz FK Kamaz 1 (0)
Artem Popov Rusia Rusia Arsenal Tula Arsenal Tula 1 (0)
Egor Proshkin Rusia Rusia Volgar Astrakhan Volgar Astrakhan 1 (0)
Saveliy Ratnikov Rusia Rusia FK Kamaz FK Kamaz 1 (0)
Bogdan Reichman Rusia Rusia Kuban Krasnodar Kuban Krasnodar
Torpedo Moskva Torpedo Moskva 		1 (0)
Daniil Rodin Rusia Rusia FK Kamaz FK Kamaz 1 (0)
Ilya Rodionov Rusia Rusia Chernomorets Novorossisk Chernomorets Novorossisk 1 (0)
Denis Samoilov Rusia Rusia FK Tyumen FK Tyumen 1 (0)
Dmitriy Sasin Rusia Rusia Sokol Saratov Sokol Saratov 1 (0)
Daniil Shamkin Rusia Rusia Torpedo Moskva Torpedo Moskva 1 (0)
Albert Sharipov Rusia Rusia Kuban Krasnodar Kuban Krasnodar 1 (0)
Aleksandr Shcherbatyuk Rusia Rusia FK Kamaz FK Kamaz 1 (0)
Timofey Shipunov Rusia Rusia SKA-Khabarovsk SKA-Khabarovsk 1 (0)
Maksim Shorkin Rusia Rusia FK Neftekhimik FK Neftekhimik 1 (0)
Anton Sinyak Rusia Rusia FK Tyumen FK Tyumen 1 (0)
Igor Sokolov Rusia Rusia Kuban Krasnodar Kuban Krasnodar
Shinnik Yaroslavl Shinnik Yaroslavl 		1 (0)
Danil Stepanov Rusia Rusia FK Khimki FK Khimki 1 (0)
Artem Sukhanov Rusia Rusia Arsenal Tula Arsenal Tula 1 (0)
Danila Sukhomlinov Rusia Rusia Shinnik Yaroslavl Shinnik Yaroslavl 1 (0)
Mukhammad Sultonov Rusia Rusia Rodina Moskva Rodina Moskva 1 (0)
Temirkan Sundukov Rusia Rusia FK Dinamo Makhachkala FK Dinamo Makhachkala 1 (0)
Sergey Terekhov Rusia Rusia FK Khimki FK Khimki 1 (0)
Denis Tkachuk Rusia Rusia Volgar Astrakhan Volgar Astrakhan 1 (0)
Ibrahim Tsallagov Rusia Rusia Alania Vladikavkaz Alania Vladikavkaz 1 (0)
Alan Tsaraev Rusia Rusia Alania Vladikavkaz Alania Vladikavkaz 1 (0)
Valeriy Tsarukyan Rusia Rusia Alania Vladikavkaz Alania Vladikavkaz 1 (0)
Igor Tursunov Rusia Rusia Sokol Saratov Sokol Saratov 1 (1)
Zakhar Volkov Bielorrusia Bielorrusia FK Khimki FK Khimki 1 (0)
Wesley Natã Brasil Brasil Rodina Moskva Rodina Moskva 1 (0)
Aleksandr Yushin Rusia Rusia Rodina Moskva Rodina Moskva 1 (0)
Ben Zagrè Burkina Faso Burkina Faso Shinnik Yaroslavl Shinnik Yaroslavl 1 (0)
Ivan Zazvonkin Rusia Rusia Chernomorets Novorossisk Chernomorets Novorossisk 1 (0)
Vyacheslav Zinkov Rusia Rusia Shinnik Yaroslavl Shinnik Yaroslavl 1 (0)
Ilya Zuev Rusia Rusia Volgar Astrakhan Volgar Astrakhan 1 (0)
1. Division
1. Division

Noticias de la competición

Gasan Magomedov, defensa del Anzhi Makhachkala (2ª división rusa), fue asesinado de un disparo en la volátil región de Dagestán, en el norte del Cáucaso, confirmó el club este domingo....
Actualidad »